Calcutta, Bombay and Madras represent classic examples of these colonialbasc cities in India. As colonial power over the subconlinent tightened, the capital of British India moved to Delhi in 1911, where a new European city was appended to the historic city (see Box 21.4).
The traditional bazaar-based city is widespread in South Asia and retains features that predate the colonial era (Figure 22.8). This model comprises a number of concentric zones:
1.The city grows normally in response to a trade function originating from agricultural exchange, location as a transport node, temple site, or due to an administrative role. The urban core is a crossroads or chowk around which develop the
houses of the richer merchants, who often live above or behind their shops and warehouses.