Meta-Analyses
Meta-analyses were performed using the Cochrane Informatics and Management Department RevMan 5.2 software. For posttreatment depression scores, we calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) by subtracting the mean score in the control group from the mean score in the psychological treatment group and dividing the results by the pooled standard deviation. Negative SMDs indicate a better outcome in the psychological treatment group. Odds ratios were calculated for the dichotomous outcomes of response, remission, and study discontinuation. Odds ratios greater than 1 indicate more events in the psychological treatment group compared with the control group. Pooled estimates for all outcomes were calculated using inverse variance weights and random effects models. Statistical heterogeneity of study findings were investigated using τ2, the χ2 test, and the I2 statistic. In the primary analyses, we calculated pooled-effect estimates for each treatment group resulting from our classification system. If we found no substantial statistical heterogeneity between subgroups, results for distinct treatment groups were pooled to calculate an overall effect estimate. Additional subgroup analyses were performed according to clinical diagnosis, delivery mode, treatment concept, recruitment method, number of treatment sessions, risk of bias, and sample size. For easier clinical interpretation, we calculated for the outcomes response and remission the number need to treat (using the total number of patients with response or remission in all included studies divided by the total number of patients with randomized to control groups). To explore any possible small study or publication bias, we produced funnel plots. Tests for funnel plot asymmetry were planned for treatment groups with at least 10 trials.
Meta-AnalysesMeta-analyses were performed using the Cochrane Informatics and Management Department RevMan 5.2 software. For posttreatment depression scores, we calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) by subtracting the mean score in the control group from the mean score in the psychological treatment group and dividing the results by the pooled standard deviation. Negative SMDs indicate a better outcome in the psychological treatment group. Odds ratios were calculated for the dichotomous outcomes of response, remission, and study discontinuation. Odds ratios greater than 1 indicate more events in the psychological treatment group compared with the control group. Pooled estimates for all outcomes were calculated using inverse variance weights and random effects models. Statistical heterogeneity of study findings were investigated using τ2, the χ2 test, and the I2 statistic. In the primary analyses, we calculated pooled-effect estimates for each treatment group resulting from our classification system. If we found no substantial statistical heterogeneity between subgroups, results for distinct treatment groups were pooled to calculate an overall effect estimate. Additional subgroup analyses were performed according to clinical diagnosis, delivery mode, treatment concept, recruitment method, number of treatment sessions, risk of bias, and sample size. For easier clinical interpretation, we calculated for the outcomes response and remission the number need to treat (using the total number of patients with response or remission in all included studies divided by the total number of patients with randomized to control groups). To explore any possible small study or publication bias, we produced funnel plots. Tests for funnel plot asymmetry were planned for treatment groups with at least 10 trials.
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