In addition, the infant with pathologic GERD can experience weight loss, failure to thrive, irritability, discomfort, and abdominal pain. Severe GERD can result in hematemesis or melena and anemia. Frequently, respiratory illness or asthma is associated with GERD, and the child may experience coughing, choking, asthma, wheezing, pneumonia, apnea, or bradycardia.
A variety of chronic and acute