The second, higher-fidelity, model accounts for the electromagnetic force and the mechanical dynamics of the buoy.
This model is referred to here as the complex model.
Inclusion of the wave energy converter (WEC) translator dynamics results in a fifth-order dynamic model. Buoy dynamics depend on mass and geometry.
Therefore, v(t) will no longer be the same as u(t) since electromagnetic force is not ignored.
Instead, it will be defined by the electromagnetic dynamics of the whole system.
There are several possible shapes of the buoy,including cylindrical and spherical.
Cylindrical buoys are easy to simulate because buoy cross section does not change with respect to vertical position [8, 9];
a cylindrical cross section is used in this model