Rubber polymers, with natural rubber (NR) as the largest
representative, need to be reinforced with fillers to
provide necessary strength for most applications. In recent
years, high-dispersion silica has become the preferred
alternative to conventional carbon-black fillers in tire tread
compounds. Its use provides considerable improvement in
rolling-resistance of passenger car tires. However, since silica
is highly polar and hydrophilic, it is incompatible with a
polar rubbers such as NR. Therefore, a bi-functional silane
coupling agent, such as bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide
(TESPT) is needed to improve the filler-to-rubber
interaction on the nano-scale by creating chemical links
between the silica surface and the rubber chains .
Rubber polymers, with natural rubber (NR) as the largest
representative, need to be reinforced with fillers to
provide necessary strength for most applications. In recent
years, high-dispersion silica has become the preferred
alternative to conventional carbon-black fillers in tire tread
compounds. Its use provides considerable improvement in
rolling-resistance of passenger car tires. However, since silica
is highly polar and hydrophilic, it is incompatible with a
polar rubbers such as NR. Therefore, a bi-functional silane
coupling agent, such as bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide
(TESPT) is needed to improve the filler-to-rubber
interaction on the nano-scale by creating chemical links
between the silica surface and the rubber chains .
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