include surfactants,
nuding agents,
and emollients.
Surfactants reduce surface tension,
improve wetting agent function, and inhibit foam.
Alkaline denuding agents loosen the keratinized outer layer of the epidermis. Emollients retain moisture and prevent excessive drying of the denuded dermis. When a processing aid produces the same technical effect at lower scald water temperatures, a greater number of microorganisms can survive the scald process.