report. However, if the projects or expenditure
is failed to increase shareholdersû wealth,
managements have incentives to conceal the bad
performance. Investors concern about what
managements do especially during the time when
firms have abundance of cash. Specifically, free
cash flow combine with low-growth opportunities
have been viewed as a cause of agency problem
where managers make expenditures or invest in
negative net present value (NPV) project that reduce
shareholder wealth. For this purpose, managers use
accounting manipulation to distort earnings (ie.
Increase profit to hide the effects of the non-wealth
maximizing investments.) However, this manipulating
behavior is restricted if there is an effective external
monitoring by independent outside stakeholder. This
study detect whether high-quality auditors are more
effective in limiting managersû ability to make
opportunistic accounting choices than low-quality
auditors. It also test whether financial institutions
with substantial equity stakes in a company have the
incentive, time and expertise to monitor the
opportunistic actions and earnings management of
corporate executives.
This paper tries to examine the surplus free
cash flow (SFCF) agency problem in the context of
managersû opportunistic accounting choices and
shows the interaction between incentive effects and
monitoring effects on managersû discretionary
accruals (DAC).
The role of external monitor is the important
issue in Thailand and other countries. Because
investors and regulation agencies want to ensure
that managements will run the firms to maximize