Abstract
Background: The antioxidant potential of fruit is well known. Here, we evaluated the anti-glycation effect of several fruits and
investigated their potential use as Anti-Aging treatments in cosmetic and food industries.
Objectives: To test flesh and peel fruit extracts for inhibition of albumin and collagen glycation.
Methods: Sample of fruits were dried ground and extracted at 80°C for 1 hour; then added to two in vitro models of glycation;
glucose and human serum albumin (HSA); and glucose and bovine skin collagen type I. The extract mixtures were incubated at
60°C and the fluorescence (excitation 370nm/ detection 440nm) measured after 40 hours and 10 days using the ARVOTM MX 1420
ARVO series multilabel counter, Perkin-Elmer.
Result: We found Punica granatum (pomegranate) and Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) peels displayed higher anti-glycation
activity (IC50 ≤ 0.04 mg/mL) than aminoguanidine in the HSA models; the activity of Citrus aurantifolia (lime) flesh and
Pseudocydonia sinensis (karin/Chinese quince) flesh was lower than pomegranate and mangosteen. We found pomegranate peel,
Stauntonia hexaphylla (mube) peel, mangosteen peel, and Malus pumila (apple) variety “san fuji” peel displayed the highest antiglycation
activity in the collagen model. The apple varieties; “san jonagold”, “alps otome”, “sekai ichi” were more active than other
apple varieties. Peel samples were twelve times more active than flesh samples in the collagen model, and seventeen times more
active in the HSA model.
Conclusion: Peel samples returned higher anti-glycation activity than flesh samples, and apple peel may be a low-cost raw material
for cosmetic and food industries with potential to reduce glycation stress.