limits of detection are good. Batch chemiluminescence
(CL) [23±25] and colorimetric [26±29] methods
for sub-nM iron determinations have recently been
incorporated into FI manifolds. They have comparable
limits of detection when used in combination with a
chelating resin preconcentration column but encounter
dif®culties when attempting to measure the redox state
of the metal at pM concentrations