upcoming growing season begins immediately after the previous years‟ harvest. At that
time, diseased plant residue must be cleared, stakes removed, and winter crops
planted. In the off-season, growers select seed of cultivars or varieties that are resistant
to diseases. They also plan long-term cropping sequences several years in advance.
Throughout the winter and spring, many practices may be used to reduce the amount of
disease inoculum present at the beginning of the growing season. After crops have
been transplanted or seeded, the plants must be checked periodically for disease to
facilitate early detection and accurate diagnosis—essential steps for effective treatment.
Some organic growers will use the timely applications of biofungicides or biorational
products, which can slow the spread of an epidemic. These growers must carefully
select only products permitted for organic production.