Advanced breeding lines made from the cross between the black and white rice as parents were collected
to evaluate phenolic levels and antioxidant properties. No free phenolic acid was found in the soluble
fraction, while p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, isoferulic acid and vanillic acid were identified in insoluble
bound fractions. Of noteworthy, is isoferulic acid which has rarely been reported to occur in cereal grains.
Phenolic dehydrodimers were only observed in the insoluble bound fractions, which mainly consisted of
8-50
-coupled diferulic acids and 5-50
-coupled diferulic acids. Cyanidin 3-glucoside, peonidin 3-glucoside
and cyanidin occurred in black and some light-purple rice samples. The breeding line YF53 has the
highest total phenolic content (23.3 mg ferulic acid equiv./g), total anthocyanin content (2.07 mg cyanidin-3-glu
equiv./g), and antioxidant activities. The results indicate that it is possible to develop advanced
breeding lines for improvement of the phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacity with high yield.