Though no one will doubt that there is much waste in
construction, lean production has only recently become a subject
of interest in our industry. Since the publication of Koskela's
(1992) seminal report, researchers around the world have been
studying its applicability to construction (e.g., Alarcon 1997).
Unfortunately, translating lean concepts from manufacturing to
construction is not automatic because of the unique
characteristics of the architecture/engineering/construction
(AEC) industry in addition to the geographic diversity among
projects.