Prior genetic work uncovered very low levels of gene flow at the scale of the entire Archipelago (Bernardi and Vagelli, 2004: Hoffman et al. 2005). Mitochondrial DNA analysis partitioned samples in two major clades, a southern clade that included samples collected on the southern part of the island of Bangkulu (an island at the southern edge of the species distribution) and a northern clade that included samples collected on the northern part of Bangkulu, as well as all the remaining samples. The island of Bangkulu, therefore, is a key location to study fine scale structuring in this species. Mitochondrial sequences, while effective at the scale of the Archipelago, provided minimal resolution of the genetic structure at smaller spatial scales (Bernardi and Vagelli 2004), in contrast, the recent development of 11 microsatellite loci for P kauderni (Hoffman et al., 2004) allowed for finer genetic resolution (Hoffman et al. 2005). In this latter study, two out of the 11 original microsatellites (Pka6 and Pkal1) provided most of the power for resolving the genetic structure of P kauderni populations, The goal of the present study was to understand the fine scale population structuring of P kaudern at the island of Bangkulu, and its relationship with the overall population structure of the species. We surveyed extensively the island of Bangkulu, off Central Sulawesi, and analyzed samples from twelve localities using the Pka6 and Plkal1 mi- crosatellites. In addition, we also analyzed 15 localities that encompassed the full natural range ofthe species and one introduced population.