conducted at department of Obstetrics & Gynecology unit II SPH (BMC) Quetta on 302 pregnant women,151 in each group during 6 months (05 Oct,2011 to 05 April, 2012)
The inclusion criteria were all the patients including booked/unbooked
with term pregnancy of gestation greater than 37 and less then 40 weeks, presenting in active labor and with only cephalic presentation. The exclusion criteria were mal presentation,multiple gestation,antepartum heamorrhage,previous surgery (caesarean, myomectomy),and antenatally diagnosed fetal anamolies, to control confounding variables because these pregnancies are already at increased risk of operative interventions and complications like postpartum hemorrhage.