Add-on or separate policy, state-backed: the US model
State (or donor) involvement in provision of insurance facilitates provision of cover to the most vulnerable who can be
specifically targetted through add-on policies. For example to address a shortfall in insurance coverage in the Indonesian
capital Jakarta – which suffers regularly from flooding – a micro insurance product was offered by an Indonesian German
partnership on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). Unfortunately, despite
the simplicity of the product the cost was seen as too high and the product was discontinued. In contrast a micro insurance
product in the Philippines was designed to provide reconstruction funds after typhoons (Karlijn Morsink et al., 2011) to low
income households. The take up has grown such that 130,000 policies were underwritten by 2010.