and end (Tend) temperatures were determined and the time
values between each onset (tonset) and end (tend) exothermic peak
were extracted using the Pyris 7 DSC data processing software
(Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) to characterise the formation of
ice crystals in the dough. In addition, a DSC scan of the yeast was
performed from 25 to 30 C with a FR6.
2.5. Observation of the croissant dough microstructure