When this extrusion reaches about half the size of the parent cell it is pinched off and becomes a daughter cell, leaving a ‘budscar’ on the mother cell. Buds may arise at any point on the mother cell surface, but never again at the same site. Branched chaining (pseudohyphae) may occasionally follow multilateral budding when buds fail to separate. Under optimal nutritional and cultural conditions S. cerevisiae double their mass every 90 minutes (Pretorius, 2000).