Every day, about 2.25 billion cups of coffee
are consumed in the world (Dicum & Luttinger,
1999, p. IX). Yet, the act of––and symbols attached
to––coffee drinking are not the same
as they were 20 years ago. New consumption
patterns have emerged with the growing importance
of specialty, fair trade, and organic
coffees. Coffee bar chains have spread dramatically,
although the relative coffee content of
the final consumption ‘‘experience’’ in these
outlets is extremely low. 1 Coffee bar chains sell
an ambience and a social positioning more than
just ‘‘good’’ coffee. In short, the global coffee
chain has gone through a ‘‘latte revolution,’’ 2
where consumers can choose from (and pay
dearly for) hundreds of combinations of coffee
variety, origin, brewing and grinding methods,
flavoring, packaging, social ‘‘content,’’ and ambience.
At the same time, international prices
for the raw product (‘‘green’’ coffee) are the
lowest in decades. Coffee industries in developing
countries are in disarray. Coffee farmers
are losing a source of livelihood.
Every day, about 2.25 billion cups of coffeeare consumed in the world (Dicum & Luttinger,1999, p. IX). Yet, the act of––and symbols attachedto––coffee drinking are not the sameas they were 20 years ago. New consumptionpatterns have emerged with the growing importanceof specialty, fair trade, and organiccoffees. Coffee bar chains have spread dramatically,although the relative coffee content ofthe final consumption ‘‘experience’’ in theseoutlets is extremely low. 1 Coffee bar chains sellan ambience and a social positioning more thanjust ‘‘good’’ coffee. In short, the global coffeechain has gone through a ‘‘latte revolution,’’ 2where consumers can choose from (and paydearly for) hundreds of combinations of coffeevariety, origin, brewing and grinding methods,flavoring, packaging, social ‘‘content,’’ and ambience.At the same time, international pricesfor the raw product (‘‘green’’ coffee) are thelowest in decades. Coffee industries in developingcountries are in disarray. Coffee farmersare losing a source of livelihood.
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