In the main text and supporting online material, we consider the influence of 1 m2
of burned area from the Donnelly Flats fire. We consider the fire emissions from this 1
m
2
in terms of their influence on global annual mean radiative forcing from long-lived
greenhouse gases, tropospheric O3, the direct effect of atmospheric aerosols, and
deposition of black carbon on remote snow and ice. We also estimate radiative forcing
from post-fire changes in surface albedo within the burn perimeter. We follow the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Assessment Report (TAR)
definition of radiative forcing. Specifically, radiative forcing is defined as the change in
net radiation at the tropopause caused by the forcing agent, after the stratosphere adjusts
radiatively to the agent (1).