Toothbrushing significantly reduced plaque colonization, but 0.12% chlorhexidine swab had no effect in 1 study. 19 Chlorhexidine gel (0.2%) reduced positive dental plaque cultures on days 5 to 7 and on day 10 but not for days 11 to 30. 8, 15 Because 0.2% chlorhexidine had positive effects in 2 studies, more research comparing 0.12% vs 0.2% chlorhexidine and application methods are needed to determine the optimal dose to reduce plaque colonization.