Abstract
Democratic theorists have paid increasing attention to problems
of political representation over the past two decades. Interest is
driven by (a) a political landscape within which electoral representation
now competes with new and informal kinds of representation;
(b) interest in the fairness of electoral representation, particularly
for minorities and women; (c) a renewed focus on political judgment
within democratic theory; and (d ) a new appreciation that participation
and representation are complementary forms of citizenship.We
review recent innovations within democratic theory, focusing especially
on problems of fairness, constituency definition, deliberative
political judgment, and new, nonelectoral forms of representation