Conclusions To have knowledge of the structural color and some applications in polymer science, the two kinds of butterflies were observed andanalyzed in this paper. There were some porous and mesh observed in the wing scale. These butterfly wing scales had rib and ridge structures, and they had some sub-across between the thinnest ribs. The surface models were then set up using Solidworks soft-ware based on SEM observations. In order to obtain the structural color, the colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles were supposed in prepar-ing for the structural color. Based on the theory model deduction,the reflectivity made from different SiO2 NP size and NP film layer numbers were calculated, and the responding structural color wasalso displayed. When NP was 200–350 nm and the layer number increased over 17, the main peak reflectivity almost was stable.The NP size appeared effecting on the structural color hue, and the layer number effecting color saturation. The different irradi-ant angle displayed different structural color for the same NP size,and it influenced more color hue.