ANR is any set of activities, (excluding tree planting), which enhance the natural processes of forest regeneration. It includes protecting natural regenerants from damage by fire, cattle, along with actions to “assist” or “accelerate” the growth of natural regenerants that are already established in the restoration site (seedlings, saplings and live stumps of indigenous forest tree species). The concept of ANR was adapted from the Philippines model and tested in deforested landscapes in Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Indonesia.