was measured compared with the open-field probably due to the transparent plastic used to partially cover the chambers. Also inside the OTCs, the mean temperature was ca. +3 ± 1.5 °C higher than in the open-field. Throughout the seasons, the maximum air temperature in the open-field did not exceed 34 °C. Inside the OTCs, however, several days with temperatures higher than 34 °C (up to 40 °C) were numbered (Figueiredo et al., 2014). The average [CO2] actually achieved in the chambers were 382 ± 36.6 μmol mol−1 and 550 ± 85.8 μmol mol−1, respectively with ambient and elevated [CO2]. In the open-field, the average [CO2] was also 382 ± 36.6 μmol mol−1.