This paper discusses the penetration of clean coal technology and its impact on China's power sector. To better understand the development of China's clean coal technology in the power sector, first, the development of clean coal technology and the status of coal consumption in the past 20 years are briefly analyzed. Second, it is vital to present the future trend of clean coal power. Based on several uncertainty analyses, two scenarios for the penetration of clean coal technology are constructed to probe the role of clean coal technology in China's sustainable development. Finally policy implications are proposed to fully develop and deploy feasible technologies for China's coal power sector