TRUE-H 15:32 6596 cdn.fbsbx.com 4 of 9 material, size of the pieces, and exact temperature, liming usually takes 8 to 12 weeks. The process is controlled by the degree of alkalinity of the lime liquor as determined by titration with acid, or by making test extractions. Ossein usually requires more liming time than cattle hide does. Additional lime is added to maintain an excess, thereby compen ating for any that is consumed. The material is then thoroughly washed with cold water to remove excess lime, its pH adjusted with acid, and it extracted with hot water to recover the soluble gelatin Extraction of Halal Gelatin The number of extractions typically varies from three to six. The first extraction generally takes place at 50 to 60°C; subsequent extractions are made with successive increases in temperature of 5 to 10°C. The final extraction is carried out close to the boiling point. Extracts re kept separate, analyzed, and subsequently blended to meet various customer specifications The initial extraction usually provides a superior product compared extractions. Earlier extractions have higher molecula with subsequent weight, higher viscosity, higher gel strength, and the least colo. Later extractions are made at increasingly higher temperatures; the resulting product has lower molecular weight, lower gel strength, and greater color. Dilute halal gelatin solutions from the various hot water extractions are filtered, deionized, and concentrated by cross-flow membrane filtration evaporation, or both. Halal gelatin solution is then chilled and vacuum and either cut into ribbons or extruded as noodles, and the gelled material stainless steel belt is deposited as a bed onto an endless, open-weave The belt is passed through a drying chamber, which is divided into zones in each of which the temperatures and humidity of the drying air is temperatures range from about 30°C in the accurately controlled. Typical initial zone up to about 70°C in the final zone. Drying involves progressive increases in air temperature often with exhaustion of moist air and replenishment with conditioned ai. Drying time is 1 to 5 h, depending on the quality and concentration of the material and the exact conditions employed. The rate of drying is carefully controlled to avoid melting and case hardening. Halal gelatin leaves the dryer with moisture content of about 10%. The dried bed is then broken into pieces that are ground to the required particle size here halal gelatin is not available, food manufacturers can use some of the vegetable substitutes for gelatin. These vegetable-origin substitutes perform the same function as gelatin. However, currently gelatin is the only material that melts below body temperature and is reversible, that is, can be melted and gelled more than once