Abstract
Background:
Information on social interactions is needed to understand the spread of airborne infections through a
population. Previous studies mostly collected egocentric information of independent respondents with self-reported
information about contacts. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a sampling technique allowing respondents to recruit
contacts from their social network. We explored the feasibility of webRDS for studying contact patterns relevant for the
spread of respiratory pathogens.
Materials and Methods:
We developed a webRDS system for facilitating and tracking recruitment by Facebook and email.
One-day diary surveys were conducted by applying webRDS among a convenience sample of Thai students. Students were
asked to record numbers of contacts at different settings and self-reported influenza-like-illness symptoms, and to recruit
four contacts whom they had met in the previous week. Contacts were asked to do the same to create a network tree of
socially connected individuals. Correlations between linked individuals were analysed to investigate assortativity within
networks.
Results:
We reached up to 6 waves of contacts of initial respondents, using only non-material incentives. Forty-four (23.0%)
of the initially approached students recruited one or more contacts. In total 257 persons participated, of which 168 (65.4%)
were recruited by others. Facebook was the most popular recruitment option (45.1%). Strong assortative mixing was seen
by age, gender and education, indicating a tendency of respondents to connect to contacts with similar characteristics.
Random mixing was seen by reported number of daily contacts.
Conclusions:
Despite methodological challenges (e.g. clustering among respondents and their contacts), applying RDS
provides new insights in mixing patterns relevant for close-contact infections in real-world networks. Such information
increases our knowledge of the transmission of respiratory infections within populations and can be used to improve
existing modelling approaches. It is worthwhile to further develop and explore webRDS for the detection of clusters of
respiratory symptoms in social networks.