■ Malnutrition may speed the progression from HIV disease to AIDS.
■ Weight loss and wasting remain common problems in PLHA, despite major advances in treatment and survival.
■ The cause of HIV-associated wasting is multifactorial. Impaired intake and altered metabolism may be at least partially responsible.
■ The exact nutritional requirements of PLHA are not known. Generally, calorie requirements increase 10% or more depending on the phase of the disease. There are no data to support an increased need for protein. Saturated fat, added sugars, and alcohol should be limited in cases of lipodystrophy syndrome.
■ PLHA may experience side effects similar to those of people with cancer. Nutrition therapy can help alleviate side effects to promote an adequate intake.