The SID classification locates these categories in the spectrum of public to private ownership to some extent.The ownershiptype groups for our analysis from (1) to(8) are labelled public hospitals by the Medical Care Law.A more detailed difference between business enterprises and medical corporations should be noted here, since the Medical Care Law in Japan prohibits hospitals from making profits. Therefore, for profit companies cannot own hospitals today, while some longstanding industrial companiesmaintain the nonprofit nature of their hospitals by also engaging in businesses other than hospital management. In contrast, medical corporations are deemed similar to for profit corporations in the sense that they are established by direct investments from private share holders [21]. Family ownership is one of the typical types of medical corporations.