Before we can discuss what problem solving is, we must first come to
grips with what is meant by a problem. In essence, a problem is a
situation that confronts a person, that requires resolution, and for which
the path to the solution is not immediately known. In everyday life,
a problem can manifest itself as anything from a simple personal problem,
such as the best strategy for crossing the street (usually done without
much ‘‘thinking’’), to a more complex problem, such as how to
assemble a new bicycle. Of course, crossing the street may not be a simple
problem in some situations. For example, Americans become radically
aware of what is usually a subconscious behavior pattern while visiting
a country such as England, where their usual strategy for safely crossing
the street just will not work. The reverse is also true; the British experience
similar feelings when visiting the European continent, where traffic
is oriented differently than that in Britain. These everyday situations are
usually resolved ‘‘subconsciously,’’ without our taking formal note of the
procedures by which we found the solution. A consciousness of everyday
problem-solving methods and strategies usually becomes more evident
when we travel outside of our usual cultural surroundings. There
the usual way of life and habitual behaviors may not fit or may not work.
We may have to consciously adapt other methods to achieve our goals.
Before we can discuss what problem solving is, we must first come togrips with what is meant by a problem. In essence, a problem is asituation that confronts a person, that requires resolution, and for whichthe path to the solution is not immediately known. In everyday life,a problem can manifest itself as anything from a simple personal problem,such as the best strategy for crossing the street (usually done withoutmuch ‘‘thinking’’), to a more complex problem, such as how toassemble a new bicycle. Of course, crossing the street may not be a simpleproblem in some situations. For example, Americans become radicallyaware of what is usually a subconscious behavior pattern while visitinga country such as England, where their usual strategy for safely crossingthe street just will not work. The reverse is also true; the British experiencesimilar feelings when visiting the European continent, where trafficis oriented differently than that in Britain. These everyday situations areusually resolved ‘‘subconsciously,’’ without our taking formal note of theprocedures by which we found the solution. A consciousness of everydayproblem-solving methods and strategies usually becomes more evidentwhen we travel outside of our usual cultural surroundings. Therethe usual way of life and habitual behaviors may not fit or may not work.We may have to consciously adapt other methods to achieve our goals.
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