Colors were measured with a
chromameter (Minolta CM-3600d, Japan). It was calibrated using a
standard white plate. L* means lightness of the flour, and ranges
from black to white (0e100). A negative value of a* indicates green,
while a* positive number indicates red-purple color. Positive b*
indicates yellow and negative blue color. All assays were recorded
for triplicate samples of each flour type.