Five to seven specimens of each of 22 different wild mushroom species were collected in Trás-os-Montes and Douro Litoral regions of Portugal (Table 1). After harvest, species were taxonomically identified by using morphological features and appropriate keys and monographs including Courtecuisse [26] and Courtecuisse and Duhem [27]. Following identification, three different carpophores of each species were cleaned and fragmented into small pieces. 5 g of each species were put into cap-sealed 20 mL vials and frozen at −20 °C until HS-SPME–GC-MS analysis. The remaining of each mushroom was