Elemental plot size was 16m2 (France and Senegal) or 20m2
(Philippines). In all cases, the fieldwasembeddedin a large irrigated
rice area. In all environments, the experiment was conducted under
fully irrigated flooded conditions until surface drainage at about
14 d after end of flowering. Floodwater depth was maintained at
5–10cmexcept during crop establishment, when floodwater depth
was adapted to seedling size.