Recent reports in the international publications indicate problems concerning cocoa butter production due to the failure of cocoa plant protection measures against harmful insects and infections. This problem can result in a significant increase in the prices of cocoa butter.However, the oleaginous microorganisms have noticeable application in production of lipids which can be used as cocoa butter substitute. Some oleaginous yeasts show an unusual capacity to synthesize interesting lipid profiles with high percentages of stearic acid and nonnegligible percentages of palmitic and oleic acid, with a composition resembling that of cocoa butter (10,11).