However, Hochschild (1983) said that performing emotional labor damaged the true self resulting in self-alienation. Thus, per-forming emotional labor as part of an individual’s duties negative lyaffects individuals’ attitudes or behavior whether the emotional labor involved positive or negative emotions. Adelmann (1989) also emphasized the negative results of emotional labor and observed that when compared to non-emotional laborer groups, emotional laborer groups had worse health conditions and lower job satisfaction and self-regard. A controversial question still exists regardingthe effectiveness of emotional labor. However, through a priorstudy, this researcher supposed that the emotional labor’s negative