[0031] The เสเส may also be applied as สูตรผสมประเภทแกรนูล, which is particularly useful for applications to the soil. สูตรผสมประเภทแกรนูล usually
contain ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 0.5% ถึงประมาณ 10% by weight of the สารประกอบ, based on the total weight of the สูตรผสมประเภทแกรนูล, dispersed in a carrier which consists entirely or in
large part of coarsely divided attapulgite, bentonite, diatomite, clay or a similar
inexpensive substance. Such สูตรผสม are usually prepared by dissolving the
เสเส in a suitable solvent and applying it to a granular carrier which has been preformed to the appropriate particle size, in the range of ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 0.5 ถึงประมาณ
3 mm. Such สูตรผสม may also be prepared by making a dough or paste of the carrier and the เสเส, and crushing and drying to obtain the desired granular particle.
[0032] Dusts containing the เสเส are prepared simply by
intimately mixing the เสเส in powdered form with a suitable dusty
agricultural carrier, such as, for example, kaolin clay, ground volcanic rock, and the like. Dusts can suitably contain ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 1% ถึงประมาณ 10% by weight of the synergistic
composition/carrier combination.
[0033] The formulations may contain agriculturally acceptable adjuvant
surfactants to enhance deposition, wetting and penetration of the เสเส onto the target crop and organism. These adjuvant surfactants may optionally be employed as a component of the formulation or as a tank mix. The amount of adjuvant surfactant will vary from 0.01 percent to 1.0 percent v/v based on a spray-volume of water,
preferably O.05 to 0.5 percent. Suitable adjuvant surfactants include ethออกซีlated nonyl
ฟีนอลs, ethออกซีlated synthetic or natural alcohols, salts of the esters or sulphosuccinic
แอซิดs, ethออกซีlated organosilicones, ethออกซีlated fatty amines and blends of surfactants with mineral or vegetable oils.
[0034] The สูตรผสม may optionally include combinations that can ประกอบรวมด้วย at least 1% by weight of one or more of the เสเส with another pesticidal สารประกอบ. Such additional pesticidal สารประกอบ may be สารฆ่ารา, insecticides,
nematocides, miticides, arthropodicides, bactericides or combinations thereof that are
compatible with the เสเส of the การเปิดเผยนี้ in the medium
selected for application, and not antagonistic to the activity of the present สารประกอบ.
Accordingly, in such embodiments the other pesticidal สารประกอบ is employed as a
supplemental toxicant for the same or for a different pesticidal use. The pesticidal
สารประกอบ and the เสเส can generally be mixed together in a weight ratio of from 1:100 to 100:1.
[0035] The การเปิดเผยนี้ includes within its scope methods for the control or prevention of fungal attack. These methods ประกอบรวมด้วย applying to the locus of the fungus, or to a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented (for example applying to wheat plants), a ปริมาณที่มีประสิทธิภาพในการฆ่ารา of the เสเส. The เสเส is suitable for treatment of various plants at fungicidal levels, while exhibiting low phytotoxicity. The เสเส is useful in a protectant or
eradicant fashion. The เสเส may be applied by any of a variety of
known techniques, either as the เสเส or as a formulation ซึ่งประกอบรวมด้วย the เสเส. For example, the เสเส may be applied to the roots, seeds or foliage of plants for the control of various fungi, without damaging the commercial value of the plants. The เสเส may be applied in the form of any of the generally used formulation types, for example, as solutions, dusts, wettable
powders, flowable concentrates, or emulsifiable concentrates. These materials are
conveniently applied in various known fashions.
[0036] The เสเส has been found to have significant fungicidal effect particularly for agricultural use. The เสเส is particularly effective for use with agricultural crops and horticultural plants.
[0037] In particular, the เสเส is effective in controlling a variety of undesirable fungi that infect useful plant crops.
[0038] The เสเส can be used against a variety of Ascomycete fungi, including for example the following representative fungi species: leaf blotch of wheat (Mycosphaerella graminicola; อะนามอร์ฟ: Septoria tritici; Bayer code SEPTTR); glume blotch of wheat (Leptosphaeria nodorum; Bayer code LEPTNO; อะนามอร์ฟ:
Stagonospora nodorum); spot blotch of barley (Cochliobolus sativum; Bayer code
COCHSA; อะนามอร์ฟ: Helminthosporium sativum); leaf spot of sugar beets (Cercospora beticola; Bayer code CERCBE); leaf spot of peanut (Mycosphaerella arachidis; Bayer code MYCOAR; อะนามอร์ฟ: Cercospora arachidicola); cucumber anthracnose
(Glomerella lagenarium; อะนามอร์ฟ: Colletotrichum lagenarium; Bayer code COLLLA); apple scab (Venturia inaegualis; Bayer code VENTIN); and black sigatoka disease of banana (Mycosphaerella fijiensis; BAYER code MYCOFI).
[0039] The เสเส can be used against a variety of Ascomycote and Basidiomycote pathogens, including wheat leaf blotch caused by Septoria tritici
(SEPTTR), and wheat brown rust, caused by Puccinia recondita-tritici (PUCCRT). The following list includes additional representative fungi species: Stripe rust of wheat caused
by Puccinia striiformis (PUCCST) and stern rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia graminis
f. sp. tritici (PUCCTR). It will be understood by those in the art that the efficacy of the เสเส for one or more of the foregoing fungi establishes the general utility of the เสเส as สารฆ่ารา.
[0040] The เสเส have a broad range of efficacy as a fungicide. The exact amount of the เสเส to be applied is dependent not only on the relative amounts of the components, but also on the particular action desired, the
fungal species to be controlled, and the stage of growth thereof, as well as the part of the plant or other product to be contacted with the เสเส. Thus, foimulations containing the เสเส may not be equally effective at similar
concentrations or against the same fungal species.
[0041] The เสเส are effective in use with plants in a disease inhibiting and phytopathologically acceptable amount. The term "disease inhibiting and phytopathologically acceptable amount" refers to an amount of the synergistic
composition that kills or inhibits the plant disease for which control is desired, but is not
significantly toxic to the plant. This amount will generally be ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 1 ถึงประมาณ 1000
ppm, with about 2 ถึงประมาณ 500 ppm being preferred. The exact concentration of
เสเส required varies with the fungal disease to be controlled, the type of foimulation employed, the method of application, the particular plant species, climate
conditions, and the like. A suitable application rate for the เสเส
typically corresponds ถึงประมาณ 0.10 ถึงประมาณ 4 pounds/acre (about 0.1 to 0.45 grams per square meter g/m2).
[0042] The present compositions can be applied to fungi or their locus by the use of conventional ground sprayers, granule applicators, and by other conventional means known to those skilled in the art.
[0043] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the การเปิดเผย. They are not meant to be construed as limiting the การเปิดเผย.
[0031] The เสเส may also be applied as สูตรผสมประเภทแกรนูล, which is particularly useful for applications to the soil. สูตรผสมประเภทแกรนูล usually contain ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 0.5% ถึงประมาณ 10% by weight of the สารประกอบ, based on the total weight of the สูตรผสมประเภทแกรนูล, dispersed in a carrier which consists entirely or in large part of coarsely divided attapulgite, bentonite, diatomite, clay or a similar inexpensive substance. Such สูตรผสม are usually prepared by dissolving the เสเส in a suitable solvent and applying it to a granular carrier which has been preformed to the appropriate particle size, in the range of ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 0.5 ถึงประมาณ3 mm. Such สูตรผสม may also be prepared by making a dough or paste of the carrier and the เสเส, and crushing and drying to obtain the desired granular particle.[0032] Dusts containing the เสเส are prepared simply byintimately mixing the เสเส in powdered form with a suitable dustyagricultural carrier, such as, for example, kaolin clay, ground volcanic rock, and the like. Dusts can suitably contain ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 1% ถึงประมาณ 10% by weight of the synergistic composition/carrier combination.[0033] The formulations may contain agriculturally acceptable adjuvantsurfactants to enhance deposition, wetting and penetration of the เสเส onto the target crop and organism. These adjuvant surfactants may optionally be employed as a component of the formulation or as a tank mix. The amount of adjuvant surfactant will vary from 0.01 percent to 1.0 percent v/v based on a spray-volume of water, preferably O.05 to 0.5 percent. Suitable adjuvant surfactants include ethออกซีlated nonylฟีนอลs, ethออกซีlated synthetic or natural alcohols, salts of the esters or sulphosuccinicแอซิดs, ethออกซีlated organosilicones, ethออกซีlated fatty amines and blends of surfactants with mineral or vegetable oils.[0034] The สูตรผสม may optionally include combinations that can ประกอบรวมด้วย at least 1% by weight of one or more of the เสเส with another pesticidal สารประกอบ. Such additional pesticidal สารประกอบ may be สารฆ่ารา, insecticides, nematocides, miticides, arthropodicides, bactericides or combinations thereof that are compatible with the เสเส of the การเปิดเผยนี้ in the medium selected for application, and not antagonistic to the activity of the present สารประกอบ. Accordingly, in such embodiments the other pesticidal สารประกอบ is employed as a
supplemental toxicant for the same or for a different pesticidal use. The pesticidal
สารประกอบ and the เสเส can generally be mixed together in a weight ratio of from 1:100 to 100:1.
[0035] The การเปิดเผยนี้ includes within its scope methods for the control or prevention of fungal attack. These methods ประกอบรวมด้วย applying to the locus of the fungus, or to a locus in which the infestation is to be prevented (for example applying to wheat plants), a ปริมาณที่มีประสิทธิภาพในการฆ่ารา of the เสเส. The เสเส is suitable for treatment of various plants at fungicidal levels, while exhibiting low phytotoxicity. The เสเส is useful in a protectant or
eradicant fashion. The เสเส may be applied by any of a variety of
known techniques, either as the เสเส or as a formulation ซึ่งประกอบรวมด้วย the เสเส. For example, the เสเส may be applied to the roots, seeds or foliage of plants for the control of various fungi, without damaging the commercial value of the plants. The เสเส may be applied in the form of any of the generally used formulation types, for example, as solutions, dusts, wettable
powders, flowable concentrates, or emulsifiable concentrates. These materials are
conveniently applied in various known fashions.
[0036] The เสเส has been found to have significant fungicidal effect particularly for agricultural use. The เสเส is particularly effective for use with agricultural crops and horticultural plants.
[0037] In particular, the เสเส is effective in controlling a variety of undesirable fungi that infect useful plant crops.
[0038] The เสเส can be used against a variety of Ascomycete fungi, including for example the following representative fungi species: leaf blotch of wheat (Mycosphaerella graminicola; อะนามอร์ฟ: Septoria tritici; Bayer code SEPTTR); glume blotch of wheat (Leptosphaeria nodorum; Bayer code LEPTNO; อะนามอร์ฟ:
Stagonospora nodorum); spot blotch of barley (Cochliobolus sativum; Bayer code
COCHSA; อะนามอร์ฟ: Helminthosporium sativum); leaf spot of sugar beets (Cercospora beticola; Bayer code CERCBE); leaf spot of peanut (Mycosphaerella arachidis; Bayer code MYCOAR; อะนามอร์ฟ: Cercospora arachidicola); cucumber anthracnose
(Glomerella lagenarium; อะนามอร์ฟ: Colletotrichum lagenarium; Bayer code COLLLA); apple scab (Venturia inaegualis; Bayer code VENTIN); and black sigatoka disease of banana (Mycosphaerella fijiensis; BAYER code MYCOFI).
[0039] The เสเส can be used against a variety of Ascomycote and Basidiomycote pathogens, including wheat leaf blotch caused by Septoria tritici
(SEPTTR), and wheat brown rust, caused by Puccinia recondita-tritici (PUCCRT). The following list includes additional representative fungi species: Stripe rust of wheat caused
by Puccinia striiformis (PUCCST) and stern rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia graminis
f. sp. tritici (PUCCTR). It will be understood by those in the art that the efficacy of the เสเส for one or more of the foregoing fungi establishes the general utility of the เสเส as สารฆ่ารา.
[0040] The เสเส have a broad range of efficacy as a fungicide. The exact amount of the เสเส to be applied is dependent not only on the relative amounts of the components, but also on the particular action desired, the
fungal species to be controlled, and the stage of growth thereof, as well as the part of the plant or other product to be contacted with the เสเส. Thus, foimulations containing the เสเส may not be equally effective at similar
concentrations or against the same fungal species.
[0041] The เสเส are effective in use with plants in a disease inhibiting and phytopathologically acceptable amount. The term "disease inhibiting and phytopathologically acceptable amount" refers to an amount of the synergistic
composition that kills or inhibits the plant disease for which control is desired, but is not
significantly toxic to the plant. This amount will generally be ตั้งแต่ประมาณ 1 ถึงประมาณ 1000
ppm, with about 2 ถึงประมาณ 500 ppm being preferred. The exact concentration of
เสเส required varies with the fungal disease to be controlled, the type of foimulation employed, the method of application, the particular plant species, climate
conditions, and the like. A suitable application rate for the เสเส
typically corresponds ถึงประมาณ 0.10 ถึงประมาณ 4 pounds/acre (about 0.1 to 0.45 grams per square meter g/m2).
[0042] The present compositions can be applied to fungi or their locus by the use of conventional ground sprayers, granule applicators, and by other conventional means known to those skilled in the art.
[0043] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the การเปิดเผย. They are not meant to be construed as limiting the การเปิดเผย.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..