we would be in an era of ubiquitous sequencing within a few years, in which genome sequencing would become routine for both research and clinical applications (11). Many other kinds of life science big data are being produced at high speed as well as genomics data. Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. This technique generates complex data sets: ~100,000 locations, measured simultaneously hundreds of times, resulting in billions of pairwise relations, collected in multiple experimental conditions, and from dozens of participants per study (12). Other data, including Computerized Tomography (CT) Scan data, epidemic data, Electronic Health Records (EHR) system data, patient behavior and sentiment data etc., are also being generated and gathered at a fast pace