Interestingly, all pyrazine compounds decreased significantly in the first and second 3-mo storage stages (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), before being recorded at the lowest concentrations at the 6-mo storage stage, and then increased again toward the end of storage. On the other hand, a pyranone (DDMP) and a pyrrole (2-acetyl-pyrrole) were significantly raised in the first and second 3-mo storage stages from 1.22% to 14.11% and 0.86% to 10.04%, respectively (p < 0.01), before starting to lessen over 1 year of storage. Moreover, the level of dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone was increased significantly at 9-mo storage, whereas the level of the other furanone compound, 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone, kept rising until the final storage stage (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). In addition, relatively constant levels of the 2 furans were observed. All MRPs were formed before and during the storage of cane brown sugar, depending on the interaction between different groups of sugars and amino acids (individual or in combination), kinetic behaviour, and the relevant parameters, as well as the stability of intermediate products that affect various possible Maillard reaction pathways