3.4. Production costs
This study shows a wide variation in the costs of production
among the studied plants depending on their production efficiency.
Fig. 2 shows the average proportion of relative production costs
according to the eight selected plants. Note that machine depreciation
is excluded from the cost estimation. The majority of the
production costs in the tapioca starch industry is the expenditure
on purchasing unprocessed cassava root, which makes up to 83% of
the costs. The rest are the costs of electricity (9%), fuel (5%), water
supply (1%) and labor (2%).