units for example we could ask a
question what are the component parts
of an item such as national lies ation
a question that is a typical one
that his research in the area of
morphology when its syntax
is of course the study of sentence
structure for many linguists this is the
core area of linguists
linguistics leading to the most
fundamental insights
about natural language for example you
could ask
is this famous sentence colorless green
ideas sleep furiously
grammatical or not
not answering this question in this the
lecture but this is a
legitimate question in syntax
well and then we have the branch dealing
with meaning
the study of meaning more specifically
the study of meaning
all words of sentences an even larger
elements
in what semantics for example in
interesting question is
what are the relationships between item
such as
wide and narrow between Chu deep
and flower or what is logically strange
about the sentence
Mary passed her exam because she didn't
work at all
think about it very strange sentence
sentencing mondex
will help out here and then we have
pragmatics
the branch of linguistics that studies
the use of language in its
its effects it is concerned with the
meanings that sentences have in
particular contexts
in which their a tent so what do you
think about the sentence
all this after instead be precise I'll
come to your party
is this a promise or a warning
well I leave that up to you
so linguistics
can be defined as the systematic study
of language
it is often defined as a science which
is objective
unbiased data or Ian teach
and repre- dutiful
put more simply linguists are
concerned with how language actually
does work
rather then with how we ought to work
and there are two approaches as to how
languages can be examined
one is referred to as the ins
introspective approach that is
data collection by means of
introspection
the other one concentrates on the
observation
all real facts it's the observational
approach
let us look at the introspective you
first
the introspective approach concentrates
on the study