Kaen, Thailand). Rice straw and corn stover were obtained from local farm. The
agricultural by-products were pretreated using the alkali–peracetic acid method
according to Zhao et al. [13]. Industrial eucalyptus pulp sludge was obtained from
SCG Paper, PLC (Ratchaburi, Thailand) and used without pretreatment. The filter
paper used in this study was Whatman no. 1 (Whatman, Kent, UK). The cellulosic
substrates were autoclaved twice at 121 ◦C for 15 min before use. Chemicals
and reagents were analytical or molecular biology grade and purchased from
Sigma–Aldrich, Fluka, and Merck. The chemical compositions of bagasse were determined
following the TAPPI protocols, (-cellulose-TAPPI Method T203 om-83;
Klason lignin-TAPPI Method T222 om-83; Pentosans-TAPPI Method T223 hm-84