This review deals with the description of bioactive secondary metabolites produced by the living organisms, including plants, fungi, bacteria (actinomycetes and cyanobacteria) and lichens which have activity against the mosquito Aedes aegypti, the vector responsible for dengue and yellow fever. The insecticidal activities of these compounds are discussed herein, and their mode of action and structure–activity relationships are presented when appropriate. Control agents (fungi, bacteria, and other organisms) are briefly commented since they can also be a rich source of bioactive compounds. It describes 319 compounds from plants, 25 from fungi, 27 from bacteria (including actinomycetes and cyanobacteria), and 7 from lichen and