Weight status. Participants self-reported their height and weight, which we used to calculate body mass index(BMI). We dichotomized weight status as overweight/ obese or normal weight based on the International Obesity Task Force cut-points[50]. According to these cut-offs, males and females were considered overweight/ obese at the 90.5 and 89.3 percentiles, respectively 153]. Covariates Age. We calculated participants' ages from their birth- date and the date that the 2011 questionnaire was returned Family structure. We determined family structure based on mothers' most recent report of living