programs (Montella et al., 2007; Ministério da Saúde, 2009). These
are more informative than the bioassays in that they provide some
information on the resistance mechanisms involved. However, as
discussed by Montella et al. (2007), biochemical assays are also limited,
since the specificity between enzyme family members and
their substrates are more complex than what has been considered
to design these experiments. Thus, there is an urgent need on
improving methodologies to monitor resistance. Molecular studies
such as microarrays, and resistant colonies such as RecR will
certainly hasten such studies.