Biomethane production and delivery system
In order to utilize biomethane for domestic purposes a production
and delivery system must be developed to bring the gas to the cooking
stove. There is a large number of biogas plants located in all regions of
Thailand. These plants may form a network of biomethane manufacturers,
providing an advantage over a natural gas distribution network
from mother stations to service stations. The quality of biogas can be
improved by purifying the gas and increasing its methane content.
A pilot-scale biogas upgrading system based on pressurized water
scrubbing technology was installed and commissioned in a swine farm
in Chiang Mai, Thailand, to convert ordinary biogas from pig manure
to biomethane at the production capacity of 20 Nm3 raw biogas per
hour, at an absorber pressure of 3 bar (gauge). This system is described
by Koonaphapdeelert et al. (2011).The biogas upgrading system comprises
two main parts: an absorber unit and a desorber unit which
includes a flash tank and a desorber, as shown in Fig. 2. The ∅ 40 cm
absorption tank made from stainless steel was packed with 50-mm
pall rings of 2 m height. A 2-piston type gas compressor (SWAN;
SVP-203) was used with a 2.2 kW explosion-proof motor (Crompton).
The flash tank and the desorber were stainless steel vessels with the
diameters of 60 cm and 30cm, respectively. The desorberwas internally
packed also with 50-mm pall rings with 1.5 m packing thickness. After
the PWS process, the upgraded biogas was then dehumidified using a
shell and tube vapor condenser and a silica gel adsorption unit.
The system is able to run continuously with good stability and produce
biomethane containing approximately 85% vol of methane with
aWobbe Index of 40.35MJ/m3. The upgraded biogas is then compressed
at 200 bar (gauge) into a cylindrical fuel vessel for use in domestic
stoves.
Once upgraded the biogas, now biomethane, is fed into portable
glass fiber tanks. These tanks are designed for a pressure of 200 bar
and have a 15 year lifespan. They are made from glass fiber and epoxy
resin. An analysis of the energy content of this tank is done in the next
section and displayed in Fig. 5. The tank output is regulated down to
the required stove pressure and fed into the stove. The rest of this
paper deals with the issue of modifying the domestic stove to burn
biomethane instead of LPG. (See Fig. 3.)
Domestic stove
Thailand has two main basic styles of stove for domestic cooking
Biomethane production and delivery systemIn order to utilize biomethane for domestic purposes a productionand delivery system must be developed to bring the gas to the cookingstove. There is a large number of biogas plants located in all regions ofThailand. These plants may form a network of biomethane manufacturers,providing an advantage over a natural gas distribution networkfrom mother stations to service stations. The quality of biogas can beimproved by purifying the gas and increasing its methane content.A pilot-scale biogas upgrading system based on pressurized waterscrubbing technology was installed and commissioned in a swine farmin Chiang Mai, Thailand, to convert ordinary biogas from pig manureto biomethane at the production capacity of 20 Nm3 raw biogas perhour, at an absorber pressure of 3 bar (gauge). This system is describedby Koonaphapdeelert et al. (2011).The biogas upgrading system comprisestwo main parts: an absorber unit and a desorber unit whichincludes a flash tank and a desorber, as shown in Fig. 2. The ∅ 40 cmabsorption tank made from stainless steel was packed with 50-mmpall rings of 2 m height. A 2-piston type gas compressor (SWAN;SVP-203) was used with a 2.2 kW explosion-proof motor (Crompton).The flash tank and the desorber were stainless steel vessels with thediameters of 60 cm and 30cm, respectively. The desorberwas internallypacked also with 50-mm pall rings with 1.5 m packing thickness. Afterthe PWS process, the upgraded biogas was then dehumidified using ashell and tube vapor condenser and a silica gel adsorption unit.The system is able to run continuously with good stability and producebiomethane containing approximately 85% vol of methane withaWobbe Index of 40.35MJ/m3. The upgraded biogas is then compressedat 200 bar (gauge) into a cylindrical fuel vessel for use in domesticstoves.Once upgraded the biogas, now biomethane, is fed into portableglass fiber tanks. These tanks are designed for a pressure of 200 barand have a 15 year lifespan. They are made from glass fiber and epoxyresin. An analysis of the energy content of this tank is done in the nextsection and displayed in Fig. 5. The tank output is regulated down tothe required stove pressure and fed into the stove. The rest of thispaper deals with the issue of modifying the domestic stove to burnbiomethane instead of LPG. (See Fig. 3.)Domestic stoveThailand has two main basic styles of stove for domestic cooking
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