Most importantly, the greatest reason for research and
development of alternative energy is the environmental
consequences emanating from the exploitation of fossil
fuel. The goal is to achieve zero net carbon (IV) oxide
balance and improvement in urban air quality (A sweet solution, 2006). Hence, to reduce the several impacts of
fossil energy, renewable sources of energy have been
proposed as alternatives. These are sustainable in that
they do not pose serious threat to the environment when
properly managed. Also they can be replaced rapidly by
natural on-going processes.