parameters behind the cost results indicated that the misalignment
is not dependent on choices over single parameter values.
The results demonstrate for future studies a need for an integrated
assessment of multiple pollutants that allows for both the various
positive and adverse effects in order to better reflect the social
costs that the externalities of e.g. CO2 and PM2.5 emissions
might entail. In addition, the significantly higher population
exposure to PM2.5 in urban areas, when compared to non-urban
areas, suggest that assessment and policy frameworks that can
discriminate between air pollutant emissions arising from different
environments are important in portraying more localized
environmental and health impacts