Guided Democracy is the name for the authoritarian political system inaugurated by decree by President Sukarno on 5 July 1959 when he dissolved the elected Constituent assembly and reinstated the independence constitution of 1945. Know in Indonesian as demokrasi Terpimpin, its inauguration marked the final failure of Indonesia to practice parliamentary democracy against a tempestuous background of political and military factionalism, religious and regional dissension and economic decline.Guided Democracy gave rise to a myriad of radical and romantic political symbols which Sukarno wielded to his short-term advantage to the neglect of economic priorities.