2.2.5. Gini coefficient and Urban-rural income ratioAs the most widely used index of inequality, the Gini coefficientmeasures the extent to which the distribution of income amongindividuals within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal dis-tribution (Atkinson, 1970). As mentioned earlier, we could onlycompute the Gini coefficient for urban households and rural house-holds, separately, because of the data availability. We further usedthe urban–rural income ratio to measure the income inequalitybetween urban and rural populations based on disposable income.