(2) comparing multiple networks in a variety of settings with respect to key differences in
such areas as governance, task, sector, and design; (3) examining the
role that mandate plays (versus emergent networks) in contributing
to network eff ectiveness or the lack of it; and (4) considering
the impact of multiple network membership, overlapping network
involvement, and broader network–environment relations on the
capacity of network organizations to function eff ectively in the face
of competing and often confl icting demands (cf. Rethemeyer and
Hatmaker 2008).